Dados do Trabalho

Título

Risk of obstructive sleep apnea predicts poorer functioning in individuals with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases

Introdução

The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is high and is strongly associated with brain and cardiovascular events, being considered a public health problem.

Objetivo

Given the organic and behavioral repercussions of OSA, the objective of this study was to investigate the existence of an association between the risk of OSA and functioning impairment.

Métodos

Cross-sectional, observational study, that recruited participants with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases from specialized outpatient clinics from a tertiary hospital and healthy and active individuals recruited from community. The instrument WHODAS (World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule) version 12 items per interview was used to measure functioning, and the STOP-BANG screening instrument was used to define the risk of OSA (STOP: Snore, Tired, Observed Apnea and Pressure and BANG: Body mass index (BMI), Age, Neck Circumference and Gender) and sleepiness was assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Data were collected through Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0, considering a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05). Data were analyzed by Mann–Whitney or Kruskal-Wallis tests, the correlation by Spearman's test and analysis by the gamma regression model.

Resultados

The sample consisted of 373 individuals, with a mean age of 63.87 ± 13.28. Of these, 66.8% were female, Body Mass Index (BMI) 27.87 ± 4.62, and mean scores of 7.96 ± 5.18 on the Epworth scale; Mean score on WHODAS 14.50 ± 9.50 and STOP-BANG 4.05 ± 1.52. The intermediate and high risk of OSA was observed in 172 (46.1%) and 140 (37.5%) of the individuals, respectively. In the regression analysis, the intermediate and high risks of OSA were related to the functioning impairment of the subjects (p= 0.000 and p= 0.002, respectively), as well as the female gender (p=0.002). Alternatively, BMI and sleepiness did not maintain a significant relationship in the regression analysis (p=0.816 and p=0.206, respectively).

Conclusões

Intermediate and high risk of OSA are associated with functioning impairment in individuals with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Palavras-chave

Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Heart diseases. Cerebrovascular Diseases. Functioning