Dados do Trabalho

Título

Insomnia is common in patients with hypertension and associated with higher need of anti-hypertensive drugs

Introdução

Insomnia is a common sleep disorder characterized by the difficulty in initiating and/or maintaining sleep and/or waking up earlier than desired despite appropriate opportunities for inducing sleep. Previous studies have shown that insomnia may increase the risk of incident hypertension (HTN), but it is not clear the potential impact of insomnia in patients with HTN.

Objetivo

To evaluate whether insomnia may impact blood pressure (BP) values and BP control in adult patients with an established diagnosis of HTN recruited from a Tertiary University Center.

Métodos

We recruited consecutive patients under regular treatment for HTN from December 2021 to July 2022.The evaluation was carried out through interviews and validated questionnaires for the evaluation of insomnia, in addition, a clinical evaluation was done and included
clinical history data such as the number of antihypertensive drugs in use,comorbidities, anthropometric data collection and the standardized measurement of BP (obtained by the average of 03 measurements using a validated digital device).
The SPSS statistical program was used for statistical evaluation of the data.

Resultados

Three hundred consecutive patients were evaluated (64% female, median age 63 years, 54.6% obese, number of antihypertensive drug classes: 4.4±1.6). The prevalence of insomnia was 51%. Patients with and without insomnia were homogeneous regarding several variables including age and obesity, but the group with insomnia had a higher percentage of women (75.2% vs 52.4% p<0.001).
Compared to patients without insomnia, patients with insomnia had a higher rate of ≥4 antihypertensive drugs use (64.6 vs.75.8%; p=0.034). Despite the higher use of antihypertensive drugs, the group with insomnia tended to have a lower rate of office
BP control when considering the <140x90mmHg cut-off in the office (69.3 vs. 59.9%; p=0.088).

Conclusões

Insomnia is quite common in patients with hypertension and associated with a greater use of number of antihypertensive drugs in parallel to a trend towards a lower rate of BP control.

Palavras -chave

sleep disorder, insomnia, hypertension