Dados do Trabalho

Título

Do Social Vulnerability Factors Influence Sleep Duration? Data from ELSA-Brasil study

Introdução

There is considerable variability in sleep behaviors. Beyond risk factors and genetics, quality and quantity of sleep is frequently socially driven. The social environment can foster perceptions of safety and social support and can affect mood, anxiety, and stress, which in turn can potentially impact sleep.

Objetivo

This study aimed to investigate the association between perceived neighborhood characteristics in short versus regular sleepers in a large sample of adults from the ELSA-Brasil.

Métodos

This cross-sectional study recruited participants from the São Paulo center of the ELSA-Brasil cohort. Each participant was interviewed and visited the research center for clinical examination according to standard protocols. Four neighborhood dimensions were evaluated: social cohesion, walkability, availability of healthy food and safety, and the neighbourhood socioeconomic status (SES) categorized by tertiles. The sleep duration was objectively measured by using an Actiwatch model 2 (Philips Respironics). Participants were instructed to wear the actigraph over a period of 7 consecutive days and nights in the nondominant wrist during a typical week. We performed the evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) using a portable monitor in our non-referred population for sleep studies and classified sleep events according to the AASM 2012. OSA was defined by an AHI ≥15 events per hour of recording. We also evaluated the association between the tertiles of the social factors and short (≤6h) and regular (>6h) sleep duration in men and women, adjusting by age, education, ethnicity, per capita income, OSA status, antidepressant medication, alcohol abuse and physical activity

Resultados

A total of 1,816 participants were included in the final analysis (age 49±8 years; 43.5% men; 11% retired; 33% with OSA). The average total sleep time was 396±59 minutes. Overall, we found no association between any social vulnerability domains with short sleep duration. However, the stratified analysis by sex revealed an independent association between short sleepers and the second tertile of social cohesion (OR 0.503; IC 0.319–0.898; p=0.018) as well as the first tertile of availability of healthy food (OR 0.536; IC 0.284–0.890; p=0.018) in men only.

Conclusões

Our results suggest a potential role of vulnerability domains in influencing short sleep duration status particularly in adult men.

Palavras -chave

neighborhood characteristics, short sleep duration, vulnerability factors