Dados do Trabalho

Título

SLEEP PATTERNS AND CORRELATION WITH QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG THE PANTANAL POPULATION IN BRAZIL

Introdução

Sleep habits and quality of life vary among human populations.

Objetivo

This study evaluated sleep patterns and sleep disorders, correlating them with the general quality of life of residents of the Pantanal region in Brazil.

Métodos

The sample, of 789 individuals, was stratified by age and gender. Data were collected using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) instrument, the Berlin Questionnaire (BQ), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF). Univariate analysis involved comparing proportions using the chi-square test and comparing means. Independent variables showing significant association with dependent variables (PSQI and BQ) on the univariate analysis were entered into a multiple linear regression analysis model scaled for each variable. A significance level of 5% (p < 0.05) was adopted throughout.

Resultados

Similarities were detected in age distributions among subjects reporting good and poor sleep quality (Mann–Whitney test, p = 0.244), with mean ages of 33.1 years (n = 347) for good-quality and 32.1 years (n = 427) for poor-quality patterns. Student’s t-test for heterogeneous variances (Levene’s test, p = 0.003) was applied to compare WHOQOL domain indices and yielded significantly higher means for subjects with good-quality sleep (72.3%) compared to those with poor-quality sleep (65.3%). BQ data revealed a significant increase in the proportion of sleep disorders with increasing age bracket, a finding corroborated by the comparison of age distributions (Mann–Whitney test, p < 0.001), with mean ages of 30.1 and 36.7 years in the groups reporting sleep disorders (n = 413) or otherwise (n = 261), respectively. The opposite effect was observed for education (p = 0.005)—i.e., there was a reduction in the proportion of sleep disorders with increasing educational level. Sleep disorders were more frequent among women with high-school or lower level of education. Other groups did not differ significantly (p = 0.541) with regard to education. For marital status, occupational inactivity (retirement), and alcohol use, p-values (of 0.069, 0.066, and 0.099, respectively) were not statistically significant, but indicated a tendency toward disordered sleep.

Conclusões

Sleep habits and disorders correlated directly with quality of human life.

Palavras-chave

Sleep; Quality Of life; Pantanal; Population.