Dados do Trabalho

Título

Risk and factors associated with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in the elderly of Primary Health Care.

Introdução

The aging process brings significant changes in relation to the numerous sleep disorders, which constitute a serious public health problem and 50% of the elderly have sleep-related complaints. Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder in the elderly, followed by Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS).The prevalence of OSAS in the elderly varies from 27% to 75% in the studies, depending on the definition adopted, and the incidence may vary from 2.9% to 39.5%, in the age group of 60 and 80 years, especially in men.

Objetivo

To evaluate the risk and factors associated with OSAS in the elderly of primary health care

Métodos

Cross-sectional study conducted with elderly assisted in Primary Health Care, from January to August 2018, selected through medical consultations held in this Unit during 2017. Sociodemographic questionnaires, clinical, anthropometric data, geriatric depression scale, and the STOP-Bang instrument were used to assess the risk of OSAS. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee under Opinion 1.861.003. Data were processed and analyzed using the SSPS program, version 22.0 for Windows, duly registered for the research. The statistical treatment to verify the normality of the distribution by group of quantitative variables was the Shapiro-Wilk test. The chi-square test and the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test were applied, with a confidence interval of 95% and p≤0.05.

Resultados

72.9% of the female participants were identified with intermediate risk and high risk of OSAS, 55.7% and 18.6% of the elderly respectively. 54.3% overweight elderly. There was a statistically significant difference in the variables gender (p = 0.032), Arterial Hypertension (p =0.019), depression (p=0.014) and Body Mass Index (p = 0.005) in relation to the risk for OSAS.

Conclusões

The elderly had a higher intermediate risk of OSAS and an association of risk factors: Gender, Body Mass Index and comorbidities (Systemic Arterial Hypertension and Depression). Thus, the investigation of OSAS in the elderly is relevant, since the number of health professionals that diagnose this syndrome is insufficient, being possible the treatment through non-pharmacological therapies, behavioral interventions: weight loss, smoking cessation, discontinuation of alcohol use and holistic sleep positioning guidance.

Palavras-chave

Sleep Medicine Specialty; Sleep Apnea Syndromes; Health of the Elderly; Patient Care Team