Dados do Trabalho

Título

PROFILE OF SLEEP APNEA PATIENTS AND SEVERA CARDIOPATHY IN THE EXTREME SOUTH OF BAHIA

Introdução

OSAS is a disease characterized by pharyngeal suppressions, causing hypoxia during sleep. Evidence points to the relationship between sleep disorders and diseases such as arterial hypertension (SAH), congestive heart failure (CHF) and arrhythmias. In addition, the number of deaths from cardiovascular events in OSAS patients has increased in recent years.

Objetivo

To determine the profile of heart disease patients diagnosed with OSAS in the far south of Bahia.

Métodos

Quali-quantitative, descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional study. Data collection was performed at a clinic in the extreme south of Bahia, through medical records of 12 patients diagnosed with OSAS and severe heart disease. Data collected: age, gender, BMI, comorbidities, basal oxyhemoglobin saturation, HR, sleep efficiency and degree of apnea. Data were tabulated in a spreadsheet of Microsoft Excel Software and analyzed as descriptive statistics, calculating the distribution of frequencies and averages.

Resultados

Within the sample, the severity of OSAS ranged from 41.6% mild, 33.3% moderate, 25% severe. Of the total, 11 were men with an average age of 62 years. An average BMI of 29.7 kg / m². It was found that 50% of patients have arrhythmia, 16.6% have severe hypertension and 16.6% have CHF; 25% refer 1 AMI event, 16.6% refer 1 stroke event. Cardiovascular risk factors include dyslipidemia in 8.3% of patients, DM in 8.2%, obesity in 66.6%, hypertension in 66.6% and renal failure in 8.3% of cases. Life habits: smoking in 75% of cases and alcoholism in 50%. Daily medications: 83% of patients take 4 or more medications, 8.3% use antiarrhythmic drugs, and 50% use statins. Polysomnographic examination: basal oxyhemoglobin saturation remained greater than 90% in all; average sleep efficiency 89.6% and average HR 64.5 bpm.

Conclusões

The data indicate a prevalence of mild OSAS (41.6%), and the most frequent cardiac pathology arrhythmia (50%) followed by AMI (25%) in this group of patients. The most severe stages correspond to lower values of basal oxyhemoglobin saturation (90%) and presented as cardiac complications stroke and severe hypertension, using 4 or more medications (combined antihypertensive drugs and statins). However, less severe patients had considerable desaturation and heart problems such as arrhythmias, AMI and CHF. The data corroborate current studies relating OSAS as a multifactorial cardiovascular risk factor.

Palavras-chave

Cardiovascular Diseases; Sleep Apneia Syndromes; Heart Failure