Dados do Trabalho

Título

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS SUBMITTED TO POLYSONOGRAPHY IN THE SOUTH OF BAHIA

Introdução

OSAS is a disease described in 3 to 7% of the world population that affects the upper airways and is characterized by pharyngeal region suppression, causing interruption of respiratory flow during sleep. These interruptions in respiratory flow lead to arrest or reduction of respiratory flow (apnea or hypopnea). Examples of symptoms are snoring, breathing pauses during sleep, daytime sleepiness, irritability, etc. It is associated with several comorbidities such as type 2 DM, hypertension, COPD exacerbation, reduced quality of life, significant increase in the risk of occupational and traffic accidents, and is considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Objetivo

To evaluate the epidemiological profile of patients with obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea, living in the far south of Bahia.

Métodos

Qualitative and quantitative descriptive study (case study) with retrospective cross-sectional development. Data collection was performed in a clinic located in the extreme south of Bahia, through patient records. The variables analyzed were age, gender, weight, height, reason for the exam, comorbidities research and medication use.

Resultados

A total of 620 medical records were analyzed, 60% (371) are men and 40% (249) are women. The mean age was 45.1 years (standard deviation 13.5), mean BMI 29.3 (standard deviation 5.9). The main reason for the exam was “snoring” (36%). In comorbidities stand out 37.3% of obesity; 27.4% have hypertension; 10.6% have gastritis and 5% have some heart disease. Among those who snore, 37.1% are associated with hypertension, 35.4% obesity, 9.7% diabetes and 6.6% heart disease. Among those who reported having OSAS, 40.4% had SAH and 48.1% were obese. Of the total, 58.4% use medicines, of which 15.7% use statin/fibrate; 12.1% use hypoglycemic drugs, and 65.7% use antihypertensive drugs, of which 45.7% use ARB; 23.5% use thiazides; 30.6% use other classes.

Conclusões

Given the analyzed, the most prevalent comorbidities were hypertension and obesity; Among the people who underwent the test for snoring, 37.1% have hypertension and 35.4% are obese. Among those already diagnosed with OSAS, 40.4% have hypertension and 48.1% are obese. These findings reinforce the strong indication of the relationship between OSAS, SAH and obesity, according to the literature.

Palavras-chave

Sleep Apneia Syndrome; Morbidity and Mortality; Hypertensio; Obesity.